Denise I. Campagnolo, MD, MS––Director Clinical Multiple Sclerosis Research, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix,
Arizona; Timothy L.Vollmer, MD–– VanDenburgh Fellow, Director BNI Neuroimmunology Program, Barrow Neurological
Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
Key Words:
Antigens – Any substance that provokes an immune response. Ideally, the antigen is a foreign substance, like a protein made by a bacterium. Sometimes T cells inappropriately react with […]

Elizabeth Auld, PA- C––Spinal Cord Program, MSCS,VA Connecticut Healthcare System,West Haven, Connecticut
Introduction
Research into what is happening to the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis (MS) gives hope that the disease can be slowed and eventually cured or prevented. Realistically, persons with MS understand that until there is a cure, they will have to accept and […]

Tuula Tyry PhD, MAEd—Program and Editorial Manager, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
Introduction
A relapsing-remitting disease course is typical in most cases of multiple sclerosis (MS), especially during its early stages. Optimal treatment of each relapse (or exacerbation) depends on its severity and other factors as described in the lead article in this issue (see pages 6 […]

Robert J. Fox, MD––Medical Director, Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Assistant Professor, Cleveland Clinic Lerner School of Medicine at CWRU Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
Introduction
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has provided a new window into the injury caused by multiple sclerosis (MS) and the effects of MS therapies. MRI can be performed in a variety of […]

A.D. Sadovnick–– Department of Medical Genetics and Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; E. Dwosh–– Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; C.H. Guimond–– Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders, other than […]